The wooden crown of the yurt (Mongolian: тооно, [tɔːn]; Kazakh: шаңырақ [ʃɑɴərɑ́q]; Kyrgyz: түндүк [tyndýk]; Turkmen: tüýnük) is itself emblematic in many Central Asian cultures. In old Kazakh communities, the yurt itself would often be repaired and rebuilt, but the shangyrak would remain intact, passed from father to son upon the father's death. A family's length of heritage could be measured by the accumulation of stains on the shangrak from decades of smoke passing through it. A stylized version of the crown is in the center of the coat of arms of Kazakhstan, and forms the main image on the flag of Kyrgyzstan.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yurt https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License
Today the yurt is seen as a nationalistic symbol among many Central Asian groups, and as such, yurts may be used as cafés (especially those specialising in traditional food), museums (especially relating to national culture), and souvenir shops.
Этимология слова, как полагают, имеет индоевропейское происхождение (арьи и их предки - протоиндоевропейцы населяли большую часть территорию нынешнего Казахстана). Слово состоит из двух слов "шан", "сан", "сон" - [солнце]. Восходит к праиндоевр. *séh₂wl, ср.: лит. sáulė «солнце», латышск. saũle, др.-прусск. saule, др.-инд. svar- ср. р., вед. súvar (род. п. sū́ras) ср. р. «солнце, свет, небо», sū́ras, sū́rуаs «солнце», авест. hvarǝ (род. п. ẋvǝŋg ср. р. «солнце, солнечный свет»). И слово "дырак" англ. tear, русс. дырка, чешск. dru, dříti- [дыра], [отверстие].https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B8_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported, which means that maybe it has an Indo-European etymology.
Слово может отражать собой понятие, как - "отверстие для солнца", "окно для солнца". Кыргызское название - тюндук, - напротив, означает буквально "предназначенное для ночи", так как проём шанырака-тюндука закрывается на ночь.
Lake Baikal is the largest (by volume) freshwater lake in the world, containing roughly 20% of the world's unfrozen surface fresh water, and at 1,642 m (5,387 ft), the deepest. It is also among the clearest of all lakes, and thought to be the world's oldest lake at 25 million years. It is the seventh-largest lake in the world by surface area. With 23,615.39 cubic kilometres (5,700 cubic miles) of fresh water, it contains more water than that of all the Great Lakes combined.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Baikal http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License)